Getting Your License
Getting your amateur radio license is easier than many people expect. The entry-level Technician license only requires passing a 35 question multiple-choice exam. With consistent study, many people are ready to test within a few weeks.
Why Get Licensed?
Licensed operators can:
- Communicate locally, nationwide, and around the world.
- Support emergency communications and disaster response efforts.
- Assist with community events such as races, parades, and public gatherings.
- Participate in local nets, training exercises, and special events.
- Operate portable radio stations from parks, summits, campgrounds, and other remote locations.
- Experiment with antennas, radios, satellites, and digital communication modes.
- Participate in radio contests that challenge operators to make as many contacts as possible.
- Earn awards for contacting stations in different counties, states, and countries, or for activating parks and summits.
- Develop practical skills in communications, electronics, and emergency preparedness.
License Classes
In the United States, there are three amateur radio license classes. Most new operators begin with the Technician license and upgrade later if they decide they want additional operating privileges.
| License Class | Primary Privileges |
|---|---|
| Technician Class | Access to all VHF/UHF amateur bands and limited HF privileges |
| General Class | Access to most HF bands for nationwide and international communication |
| Amateur Extra Class | Full operating privileges on all amateur radio bands |
Former license classes include: Novice and Advanced.
A Technician Class license provides all of the privileges needed to participate in current PACT training nets, exercises, public service events, and emergency deployments.
While some individuals choose to pursue multiple license classes at once, we recommend focusing on the Technician exam first and getting on the air before pursuing more advanced licenses.
Licenses are valid for 10 years.
Most individuals can earn their Technician Class license within 1–4 weeks depending on the amount of time dedicated towards studying.
How to Get Licensed
Step 1: Study for the Exam
The Technician exam consists of 35 multiple-choice questions selected from the official question pool. To pass, you must answer at least 26 questions correctly.
If you want to study for free, we recommend:
- HamStudy.org – As long as you use a web browser, you will have access to free study tools, flashcards, and practice exams.
- Taking a Local Ham Radio Class – Several local clubs offer classes, mentoring, and study groups.
If you prefer structured paid study materials, we recommend:
- Ham Radio Prep – A paid study option that includes video lessons, practice tests, learning games, text lessons, and mobile app access.
- Gordon West Test Prep Books – Comprehensive study guides available in print formats.
- Focus on one topic area (sub-element) at a time.
- Aim for consistent study sessions rather than cramming.
- Take practice exams regularly to track your progress.
- You are ready to take the exam if you consistently score above 74% on practice exams.
Step 2: Obtain Your FRN
Before taking your first amateur radio exam, you will need to register for an FCC Registration Number (FRN).
To obtain your FRN, visit the FCC Universal Licensing System and click on New User Registration.
Remember to write down your FRN. You will need it later.
Step 3: Find an Exam Session
Amateur radio exams are administered by Volunteer Examiners (VEs) both online and in person. Online testing sessions are available throughout the week and can be a convenient option for individuals who prefer to test from home.
To find upcoming exam sessions, visit HamStudy and search for testing opportunities near you.
Some exam sessions require a reservation because seats are limited.
Step 4: Take the Exam
The exam environment is generally relaxed and friendly. VEs are there to administer the test, verify your information, and help guide you through the process.
Before your exam, make sure you have:
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Valid Identification: A driver's license, passport, or another form of identification acceptable to the Volunteer Examiners.
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FCC Registration Number (FRN): The FCC requires all amateur radio applicants to have an FRN before taking the exam.
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Exam Fee: Depending on the Volunteer Examiner Coordinator (VEC) administering the session, there may be an exam fee. Fees are typically around $15.00 USD, although some sessions may be free.
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Completed 605 Form: If you register through HamStudy.org, the required information is collected during registration and you generally will not need to complete a separate paper form.
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Calculator (Optional): A basic calculator may be permitted. If allowed, you may be required to demonstrate that all stored memories have been cleared before the exam begins.
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Scratch Paper (Optional): Some exam sessions allow one blank sheet of paper and a pen or pencil for calculations and notes during the exam.
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Additional Materials: Bring any other items required by the testing organization hosting the exam session.
Arrive a few minutes early and follow all instructions provided by the VEs.
Remember, a passing score is 26 correct answers out of 35.
Step 5: Receive Your Call Sign
After passing the exam, your information will be submitted to the FCC by the VEs.
Once your information has been processed by the FCC, you will receive an email with instructions on how to pay the $35.00 USD application fee. After passing the test, we recommended paying the fee as soon as possible by logging in to CORES. You have 10 calendar days to pay the fee before your application is dismissed.
You can confirm your application has been submitted by searching the ULS Application Search for your FRN.
After you pay the fee, your license application will be processed and you will be issued a PDF of your license by email. On your license, you will see your unique amateur radio call sign.
You may begin transmitting as soon as your call sign appears in the FCC database.
Step 6: Get On the Air
The best way to learn amateur radio is by using it. After receiving your license, consider participating in local nets, local groups, and training exercises. Regular operating experience will help you build confidence and develop practical communication skills.
Many new operators find it helpful to connect with a local amateur radio club or experienced operator who can answer questions and provide guidance throughout the licensing process.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is there a minimum age to get an amateur radio license?
No. The FCC does not establish a minimum age requirement for amateur radio licenses.
Can I take the exam online?
Yes. Many Volunteer Examiner teams offer remote testing sessions using video conferencing software.
Can I earn more than one license class at the same exam session?
Yes. If you pass the Technician exam, you may immediately attempt the General exam. If you pass General, you may attempt Amateur Extra during the same session.
Do I need to own a radio before taking the exam?
No. Many new operators earn their license before purchasing any equipment.
What happens if I fail the exam?
Many exam sessions allow you to retake the exam during the same session, although additional fees may apply depending on the testing organization.
Can I use a radio before I am licensed?
You may listen to amateur radio frequencies without a license. However, you must receive your amateur radio license and call sign before transmitting on amateur radio frequencies.
Do I need to renew my license?
Amateur radio licenses are valid for 10 years. To keep your call sign and avoid retaking the exam, be sure to renew your license before it expires.
Is there a fee to upgrade my license?
No. The FCC does not currently charge a fee to upgrade an existing amateur radio license, although some exam sessions may charge a testing fee.